Cardozo law application deadline - April 15. 1st Deposit Due. If you are admitted, your first non-refundable deposit of $250 is due. All seat deposits are credited to your fall semester tuition. May 1. Final Application Deadline. You must submit your application no later than this date to be considered for fall enrollment. June 1. 2nd Deposit Due.

 
Cardozo accepts transfer and visiting students for entry in the Fall or Spring. To be eligible to transfer to Cardozo, transfer applicants must have completed a minimum of 24 transferable credits at an ABA-approved law school and the majority of Cardozo's first-year curriculum. Part-time students are eligible to apply to transfer to Cardozo .... Wedding lincoln wolfgang baeumler

The Free Application for Federal Student Aid (FAFSA) is a crucial document that determines your eligibility for financial aid when pursuing higher education. One of the biggest mis...BEFORE ARRIVAL. STEP 1. SUBMIT YOUR APPLICATION ONLINE. STEP 2. PASS THE ENTRANCE TESTS USING REMOTE TECHNOLOGIES. STEP 3. GET YOUR VISA …Application Deadline. No data available — Deadline for International Students. ... Cardozo Law is part of Yeshiva University and is situated in Greenwich Village, Manhattan, providing students with access to legal, cultural, and professional opportunities in one of the world's major legal and financial centers.Mar 19, 2024 ... Yeshiva University (Cardozo): Varies based on admit date; Tulane University: Varies based on admit date; University of Tennessee–Knoxville ...Annual Tuition. $17,630. 1L Summer Semester**. $6,518. Fees. $348. Total. $24,496. * In addition to tuition and fees, we estimate the following additional annual costs: $1,500 for books and supplies; $17,604 for housing; $1,188 for transportation; and $9,212 for the cost of living expenses, which consist of food, lunch, medical and personal.Cardozo's core offerings, certificate programs and advanced-degree programs offer students numerous opportunities to advance in a career in the law. The Intellectual Property and Information Law Program is …Cardozo’s General Studies LL.M. program is distinctive for its flexibility and the breadth of its offerings. Students enrolled in the General Studies LL.M. program may select from virtually the entire law school curriculum. The degree is valuable to lawyers from abroad as well as to J.D. graduates of U.S. law schools who wish to broaden their ...Registration materials are distributed in mid-July for the Fall semester and early November for the Spring semester. Additions and changes to registration materials will be posted throughout the registration period and during the first few weeks of class. email Email. [email protected]. phone Phone 646-592-6280.Mar 14, 2024 ... Photo by Cardozo School of Law on May 01, 2024. May be an image.In the fast-paced world of college applications, it’s not uncommon for prospective students to miss deadlines or submit their applications late. If you find yourself in this situat...The fall JD application deadline is March 1 for those seeking admission through the regular process. Regular admission decisions will be made on a rolling basis between November and May. Admitted applicants will be required to make nonrefundable seat deposits between April and July. 2. Binding Early Decision Process.Feb 1, 2024 · Fall 2024. Admissions Application Deadline: February 1, 2024*. Transfer Application Deadline: Extended to May 31, 2024! Spring 2025. Admissions Application Deadline: November 15, 2024. Decision Notification is on a rolling basis beginning November 5, 2024. Enrollment Deadline: December 16, 2024. The JD Program. Cardozo's Juris Doctor (J.D.) program combines a strong foundation of first-year courses in legal skills and methods with a rich and varied upper-level elective curriculum. We offer a traditional law school program of study consisting of 84 academic credits earned over three years. The first-year program consists of 30 credits ...Closing date: Rolling application (priority deadline April 15 th for fall; October 15 th for spring) Further information: https://cardozo.yu.e. Institution Name: Boston University School of Law Location: Boston, Massachusetts Degree Programme: LLM in American Law, LLM in Banking & Financial Law, LLM in Taxation, LLM in Intellectual PropertyCompare Fordham University School of Law (Fordham Law) and Benjamin N. Cardozo School of Law (Cardozo Law) with LSAT, GPA, Tuition and more key statistics, ... Application deadline. 2023-09-15 Application Open. 2023-10-15 Early Decision. 2024-03-15 Regular Decision. Admission Info.Personal Expenses. This includes expenses such as health insurance and and other miscellaneous day-to-day living expenses. $8,007 (Fall and Spring): *$5,507 Student health insurance coverage is from (8/15/24 - 8/14/25) + $2,500 miscellaneous expenses. $10,177 (Summer, Fall and Spring): * $6,844 Student health insurance coverage is from (5/15/24 ...Wednesday, February 28, 2024 12:00 - 1 :15 p.m. • Moot Court Room. Bet Tzedek Civil Litigation Clinic. Civil Rights Clinic. Criminal Defense Clinic. Divorce Mediation Clinic. Benjamin B. Ferencz Human Rights and Atrocity Prevention Clinic. Filmmakers Legal Clinic. Kathryn O. Greenberg Immigration Justice Clinic. Mediation Clinic. Diversity and inclusion are central values at Cardozo School of Law. We strive to provide a welcoming community to all students, and we are pleased that over 35% the Class of 2026 identifies as an underrepresented minority. We also offer an educational curriculum that provides deep insight into structural racism and its impact on society, the ... Join our community. Explore the program that is the right fit for you. Sign up for a webinar or workshop. Take a virtual 3D tour. Make an appointment to talk to an admissions officer. Our goal is to make the application process easy to navigate, with useful tools to help you stay on track and meet key deadlines throughout the application year. Scalia Law has waived the application fee for all first-year JD applicants. 2. CAS Report with LSAT/GRE. Applicants must register with the LSAC CAS to ensure that Scalia Law receives a current Law School Report furnished by LSAC. Applicants may contact LSAC directly at 215-968-1001 or through the LSAC Website.Feb 28, 2024 · Wednesday, February 28, 2024 12:00 - 1 :15 p.m. • Moot Court Room. Bet Tzedek Civil Litigation Clinic. Civil Rights Clinic. Criminal Defense Clinic. Divorce Mediation Clinic. Benjamin B. Ferencz Human Rights and Atrocity Prevention Clinic. Filmmakers Legal Clinic. Kathryn O. Greenberg Immigration Justice Clinic. Mediation Clinic. Deadline: November 15. JD 1L Regular Decision Application. Priority Deadline: April 15. Apply Online on the LSAC website. *No application fee required. Personal Statement. Optional: Two Letters of Recommendation. Register with the Credential Assembly Service (CAS) The Law School Admission Test (LSAT) is required.Early Decision Deadlines & Information for Every ABA-Accredited Law School (2022-2023 Admissions Cycle) Published: 15 Aug 2022 We compiled early decision information for every ABA-accredited law school, below, including deadlines, notification timelines, and any guaranteed scholarships that may be attached. Here are important dates related to your Santa Clara Law application. January 2024: Last recommended LSAT or GRE test date for the 2024 application cycle. Check the LSAC website for other test dates and to register. February 15, 2024: Priority application deadline. Please contact an Admissions counselor for more information about attending ... Applying to Cardozo School of Law - Benjamin N. Cardozo School of Law? Get up-to-date LSAT scores, tuition, student reviews, and more from The Princeton Review. US Virginia ... Application Deadlines. April 1 . Application Process. Rolling Admissions Yes. Application Fee $50. CAS Service Used Yes.Transfer applicants must complete a Transfer Application for Admission electronically, with required documents, through LSAC, the Law School Admission Council. Applications may be submitted between May 30 and July 15. There is a $60 application fee. Additional documents must be send directly to the UConn School of Law.You can schedule an appointment for Zoom Office Hours. If you'd like to speak with an Admissions Officer, please call 212-636-6810 during regular business hours (weekdays from 9:00 AM to 5:00 PM ET). No appointment is necessary.Careers. Career Resources for Current Students; Center for Public Service Law; Where Alumni Work; For Management; Snapshot of Cardozo Classes of 2022 JobsCareers. Career Resources for Current Students; Center for People Service Laws; Where Alumni Worked; For Employers; Snapshot is Cardozo Class of 2022 JobsKey: Race = Satisfies Race Requirement LLM Program and Concentrations = Satisfies requirement for LLM major or concentration. LLM Programs: CLT: Comparative Legal Thought DRA: Dispute Resoultion and Advocacy IP: Intellectual Property GS: General Studies LLM Concentrations Under General Studies Program = GSADR: Alternative …Cardozo School of Law | 55 5th Avenue, New York, NY 10003 | 212-790-0857 | [email protected]. For technical issues, click hereJun 27, 2023 · For the class entering 2022, the Cardozo School of Law acceptance rate was 33.80% of applicants, with 27.12% of those accepted enrolling. The average Cardozo School of Law LSAT was 164. The average enrollee had a 3.76 undergraduate GPA. The application deadline for the J.D. program is March 1 for the fall semester and November 15 for the spring ... Application Deadline The priority deadline for our May 2024 entering class is March 15, 2024. An applicant may only submit one application per academic year—i.e., an applicant may not submit an application for both May 2024 and fall 2024 terms.Yeshiva Law School is a perfect example of that. The acceptance rate of the last incoming class to Yeshiva Law School was a solid 51.3%. Class of 2023 submitted 2,691 applications, 1,401 of which received offers. The median GPA of the applicants was 3.42 and, the median LSAT score was 159. Applications.Feb 28, 2024 · Wednesday, February 28, 2024 12:00 - 1 :15 p.m. • Moot Court Room. Bet Tzedek Civil Litigation Clinic. Civil Rights Clinic. Criminal Defense Clinic. Divorce Mediation Clinic. Benjamin B. Ferencz Human Rights and Atrocity Prevention Clinic. Filmmakers Legal Clinic. Kathryn O. Greenberg Immigration Justice Clinic. Mediation Clinic. Annual Tuition. $17,630. 1L Summer Semester**. $6,518. Fees. $348. Total. $24,496. * In addition to tuition and fees, we estimate the following additional annual costs: $1,500 for books and supplies; $17,604 for housing; $1,188 for transportation; and $9,212 for the cost of living expenses, which consist of food, lunch, medical and personal.New York-area law schools and application deadlines (Last updated May 2023) Note ... Benjamin N. Cardozo School of Law: N/A: Students may seek to be admitted in September or May. March 15 priority deadline for May term; April 1 for September term. Rolling admissions beginning in ...The UCAS application process can be a daunting and overwhelming experience for many students. With deadlines, requirements, and the pressure of making important decisions about the...Compare Fordham University School of Law (Fordham Law) and Benjamin N. Cardozo School of Law (Cardozo Law) with LSAT, GPA, Tuition and more key statistics, ... Application deadline. 2023-09-15 Application Open. 2023-10-15 Early Decision. 2024-03-15 Regular Decision. Admission Info.Please contact the Law School Admissions Office with questions. Our mailing address is Box 870382, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487. Our physical address is 101 Paul Bryant Drive East, Tuscaloosa, AL 35401. The Admissions phone number is (205) 348-5440 and the email address is [email protected]. For more than 150 years, the The University of …We are delighted that you are thinking of applying to Cardozo School of Law. Our entry programs allow J.D. candidates to seek admission in either the fall or May. There is no …New York-area law schools and application deadlines (Last updated May 2023) Note ... Benjamin N. Cardozo School of Law: N/A: Students may seek to be admitted in September or May. March 15 priority deadline for May term; April 1 for September term. Rolling admissions beginning in ...This year, Cardozo School of Law rose four places to number 52 in the U.S. News & World Report law school rankings. The faculty is ranked #32 in the nation for scholarly impact by the Leiter Report and #22 in the country by Heald & Sichelman’s academic impact rankings of 100 American law schools.The official account of Cardozo School of Law, located in New York City's Greenwich Village.Both schools are private. Cardozo Law tuition of $73,440 is more expensive than Brooklyn Law tuition of $70,356. Brooklyn Law offers the better financial aid of $33,800 which is 48.04% of tuition amount. Cardozo Law acceptance rate of 50.00% is lower than Brooklyn Law of 37.64%. Cardozo Law's LSAT score of 164 is higher than Brooklyn Law of 160.The total cost is $36,856, which includes courses and graduation fees. Applicants will find that our program compares very favorably to the expense of other Bioethics MS programs. Reduced fees are available to Cardozo and Einstein students, who may add the MS in Bioethics to their current degree for $10,000.Key: Race = Satisfies Race Requirement LLM Program and Concentrations = Satisfies requirement for LLM major or concentration. LLM Programs: CLT: Comparative Legal Thought DRA: Dispute Resoultion and Advocacy IP: Intellectual Property GS: General Studies LLM Concentrations Under General Studies Program = GSADR: Alternative …JD Application The online application for fall 2024 JD Admissions is now available. Early Decision (Binding) File and complete application by November 15 Notification by late December If you wish to be considered for Early Decision admission, your application, Early Decision Contract, and all supporting materials must be complete by November 15 ...This page details application deadlines, requirements, and our unique evaluation process. Take your time, review the page, and we hope to see you soon. The Florida A&M University College of Law offers a three-year Full-Time Day Program and a four-year Part-Time Evening program.May 31, 2022 ... The Benjamin N. Cardozo School of Law forty-fourth Annual Commencement exercises will take place on Tuesday, May 31, 2022, at 3 p.m..Benjamin N. Cardozo School of Law is a law school located in New York City. Cardozo Law is part of Yeshiva University and is situated in Greenwich Village, Manhattan, providing students with access to legal, cultural, and professional opportunities in one of the world's major legal and financial centers. What is great about Cardozo is its ...JD Application The online application for fall 2024 JD Admissions is now available. Early Decision (Binding) File and complete application by November 15 Notification by late December If you wish to be considered for Early Decision admission, your application, Early Decision Contract, and all supporting materials must be complete by November 15 ...Application deadline April 1st Application fee $0 Financial aid deadline April 1st Academic Calendar Term Semester Months students may begin studying law May and August Months the Law school confers degrees January, May/June, and September # of credit hours required to earn the JD 84 Curricular Offerings 2021-2022 2021-2022Here are important dates related to your Santa Clara Law application. November 1, 2023: Early Action Deadline (non-binding; file must be complete by November 30) December 31, 2023: Priority Deadline for Tech Edge JD and Public Interest JD applications. January 2024: Last recommended LSAT or GRE test date for the 2024 application cycle.Application fee. The nonrefundable application fee is $85. Applicants who are economically disadvantaged may request an application fee waiver. Please submit the request to [email protected] prior to completing the application. If you have been granted an LSAC fee waiver, UB School of Law's application fee is automatically …Feb 28, 2024 · Wednesday, February 28, 2024 12:00 - 1 :15 p.m. • Moot Court Room. Bet Tzedek Civil Litigation Clinic. Civil Rights Clinic. Criminal Defense Clinic. Divorce Mediation Clinic. Benjamin B. Ferencz Human Rights and Atrocity Prevention Clinic. Filmmakers Legal Clinic. Kathryn O. Greenberg Immigration Justice Clinic. Mediation Clinic. Students should not wait until they have been admitted to file the FAFSA. Financial aid files for entering students are reviewed when a student has been admitted to the law school. email Email. [email protected]. phone Phone 646-592-6249. In the dynamic world of legal education, the standing of a law school is a compass guiding aspiring lawyers toward their academic aspirations. Cardozo Law ... [email protected]. phone Phone (646) 592-6420. Cardozo Law offers a welcoming and diverse community, where students and faculty members are committed to fostering warm and spirited student life. Culled from over 135 undergraduate institutions across the United States and around the world, including China, Colombia, Germany, South ... BENJAMIN N. CARDOZO SCHOOL OF LAW . 2022-2023 ACADEMIC CALENDAR . JD, LLM, JSD PROGRAMS. Summer 2022 - 1L (May 18–August 10, 2022) Wed., May 18 – Mon., May 23 1L orientation and Elements of Law class Wed., May 18 – Wed., August 10 1L summer session TBD Last day for May entry 1L students to drop …There are several applications of the ideal gas law in everyday life, including determining the amount of ventilation that facilities need for safe human use and estimating proper ...Eligible Students: Second- and third-year J.D. students, and LL.M. students Application: (1) Email with information described below (2) Law school transcript (cut-and-paste is fine) (3) Resume Application Deadline: Monday, December 6th at 9 a.m. Send Application to: Prof Buccafusco, via email at [email protected] Subject: IPIL Colloquium …We seek to identify and admit a diverse group of talented J.D. students who will succeed at St. John's and become lawyers who continue our proud tradition of excellence in the legal profession and the business world. As part of the admissions process, we consider all applicants for scholarships. There is no separate scholarship application and, if …Mar 14, 2024 ... Photo by Cardozo School of Law on May 01, 2024. May be an image.LLM Admissions. 11th Floor. Cardozo School of Law – Yeshiva University. 55 Fifth Avenue, New York, NY 10003. 212-790-0857. Student or PDF copies of transcripts may be accepted in extraordinary circumstances, and only if followed by an original transcript in the mail. Should you have any questions, please email us at [email protected] instructions, please read the Fall 2024 Clinic Application Packet . here. or in the Symplicity Document Library. Fall Clinic Application Deadline: Thursday, March 7 at …The Catholic University of America: April 15, June 3. University at Buffalo–SUNY: April 15, May 31 (enrollment form due, no deposit) University of Louisville: Varies based on admit date. Brooklyn Law School: April 15, June 1. Florida International University: Varies based on admit date.Faculty With Impact. Cardozo Law School’s faculty ranks 33rd in the nation for scholarly impact, according to the newly released version of the Leiter Scholarly Impact Score. …Early Decision at a Glance. Application Deadline: December 1. Decisions released: December 15. Non-refundable deposit of $1,000: December 20. Binding agreement: Early Decision matriculants must attend in the fall. Three program options with up to $150,000 awarded over three years.Important Dates. September 15 - Application Opens. March 1 - Priority Deadline for Admission & Merit-Based Scholarships*. March 1 - Deadline for Need-Based Scholarships & Named Scholarships*. July 15 - Final Application Deadline (Application Closes)**. *Applicants must take the LSAT no later than February 2024 to meet the March 1 …Are you interested in applying to the Durban University of Technology (DUT) but missed the application deadline? Don’t worry. While it’s always best to submit your application on t...LLM Admissions. 11th Floor. Cardozo School of Law – Yeshiva University. 55 Fifth Avenue, New York, NY 10003. 212-790-0857. Student or PDF copies of transcripts may be accepted in extraordinary circumstances, and only if followed by an original transcript in the mail. Should you have any questions, please email us at [email protected]. Career Resources for Current Students; Center for Public Service Law; Where Alumni Work; For Management; Snapshot of Cardozo Classes of 2022 JobsPolytechnic education offers a practical and career-oriented approach to learning, making it an attractive option for many students. The first crucial date to note is the applicati...Cardozo Law School Kukin Program for Conflict Resolution. 238 likes. The program's mission is to develop modern day problem solvers in the legal profession.The JD Program. Cardozo's Juris Doctor (J.D.) program combines a strong foundation of first-year courses in legal skills and methods with a rich and varied upper-level elective …2023 J.D. Admissions Profile. Women make up 59.4% of this year's class. The average age is 24; the age range is from 19 - 46 years of age. Students of color comprise 35.0% of the class:GUIDE TO APPLYING. The University of Memphis School of Law welcomes applications for admission to its 2024 entering class. The application will open late September and there is no application fee. The priority application deadline is …J.D. Admissions. Explore this section. If you’re looking for a place where you can engage deeply with professors and peers, enjoy your time outside of class, and position yourself for a successful career after graduation, you’ll find it at Cornell Law School.Please explore our web site to learn more about the admissions process and Elon Law. Reach out to us if we can answer any additional questions about the admissions process, or if we can be of assistance to you. The Admissions Office can be reached by email at [email protected], or by phone at (888) ELON-LAW or (336) 279-9229.Marquette University. April 2024. Feb 2024. No. While the Law School follows a rolling admissions process and does not have strict application deadlines, candidates for either full-time or part-time admission are encouraged to take the LSAT no later than February and to complete an application by April 1.Cardozo's core offerings, certificate programs and advanced-degree programs offer students numerous opportunities to advance in a career in the law. The Intellectual Property and Information Law Program is …Deconstructing the DAO: The Need for Legal Recognition and the Application of Securities Laws to Decentralized Organizations by Laila Metjahic Volume 39 Issue 4Cardozo School of Law is consistently recognized as a leader in intellectual property and information law. Cardozo Law’s IP program offers theory and practical training to students from all backgrounds, who thrive on developing answers that meet current legal problems. The school’s focus on emerging technology, data, privacy, fashion and ...As of today, the early applicant volumes for 2024 are running about 6.8% behind the early applicant numbers for this same date in 2023. As noted above, there are some short-term factors that may be contributing to this early decline, but we are seeing the gap close rapidly, now that nearly all schools have opened applications.The application for admission to the Public Service Scholars program will be available in June for the 1L class (both Fall and May entry). The application priority deadline is July 15. We will consider applications submitted after the …Early Decision application deadlines vary greatly from school to school, and some schools don’t even have an Early Decision program at all. To help you keep track of everything, we’ve organized the Early Decision candidacy submission deadlines for all top 50 law schools (per U.S. News Rankings) in a chart below. A few notes to consider ...Yeshiva University. (Cardozo) #61 in Best Law Schools (tie) The Benjamin N. Cardozo School of Law at Yeshiva University (Cardozo) has an application deadline of April 1. The full-time program ...Cardozo Law does not award scholarships that may be reduced or ... For the 2023-2024 academic year (Summer '23, Fall '23, & Spring '24 semesters) file the 2023-2024 FAFSA - Priority Deadline April ... file the 2023-2024 International J.D. Student Financial Aid Application - Priority Deadline April 1, 2023. Admitted students who have ...Benjamin N. Cardozo School of Law at Yeshiva University is located in New York City. Benjamin N. Cardozo School of Law has been accredited by the American Bar Association (ABA) since 1978. ABA Required Disclosures on admissions, tuition and costs, financial aid, bar passage rates, and employment outcomes.

CARDOZO SCHOOL OF LAW - 2022 Standard 509 Information Report 55 Fifth Ave., New York, NY, 10003 Phone: (212 ... The Basics Type of school Private Application deadline April 1st Application fee $0 Financial aid deadline April 1st Academic Calendar Term Semester Months students may begin studying law May and August Months the Law …. Glock 29 conversion barrels

cardozo law application deadline

Step 1: Create An Account with The Law School Admission Council (LSAC) In order to access the application for Rutgers Law School (or any ABA-accredited law school), you must create an account with the Law School Admission Council (LSAC).LSAC is a not-for-profit organization whose mission is to advance law and justice by encouraging diverse, …All students must earn a minimum of 85 credits to graduate, and standard tuition covers those 85 credits, plus an additional 3 free credit hours for a total of 88 credit hours. Below are the 2022-2023 annual tuition charges. Please note that these charges are subject to change for the 2023-2024 academic year. Program.The application for admission to the Public Service Scholars program will be available in June for the 1L class (both Fall and May entry). The application priority deadline is July 15. We will consider applications submitted after the …March 15, 2024, 11:59 EST T — The deadline for submitting your application. Notification timeline — Generally, applications are processed within two weeks. Applicants can expect decisions approximately 10 - 12 business weeks after completing their applications. Applicants can view this date with the online status checker.If you want to study law at one of the UK's leading specialist providers, with nine campuses across the country, you need to know the application and enrolment deadlines for your chosen course. Whether you are interested in property law, Nottingham campus, or Royal Holloway, find out how to apply and enrol at the University of Law here.Albany Law School: None; American University: Binding Early Decision Round 1 (deadline December 14) Binding Early Decision Round 2 (deadline February 8) Appalachian School of Law (VA): None; Arizona State University: Binding O’Connor Merit Scholars Program (no set deadline, March 1 priority deadline after which applications …Careers. Career Resources for Current Students; Center for Public Service Law; Where Alumni Work; For Management; Snapshot of Cardozo Classes of 2022 Jobsleading law firms. Deadlines All applications must be received by March 22, 2024 to receive full consideration. Scholarship Requests Tuition and/or dormitory housing scholarships for public defenders are limited and based on demonstrated financial need. If you require scholarship assistance to attend the program, please thoroughly complete theNov 8, 2023 ... Cardozo School of Law, founded in 1976 by Yeshiva University, is an apex of legal education in New York City. It is known for the Intellectual ...As the Cardozo Law Review ’s online journal, de·novo publishes shorter works of legal scholarship written by legal scholars, professors, judges, and practitioners, including articles on timely legal issues, as well as responses to articles that appear in the print journal. In addition, de·novo publishes several student notes each year.Cardozo Law ABA 2024 Bar Passage Report. Standard 509 (c): A law school shall publicly disclose on its website, in a readable and comprehensive manner, the following information on a current basis: (1) Refund Policies. Withdrawal and Refund Policy. (2) Curricular Offerings, Academic Calendar, and Academic Requirements.Faculty With Impact. Cardozo Law School’s faculty ranks 33rd in the nation for scholarly impact, according to the newly released version of the Leiter Scholarly Impact Score. ….

Popular Topics